Perintah umum yang
digunakan untuk menampilkan dan memeriksa status dari router terbagi menjadi 4
kategori yaitu :
- General Use:
–
show running-config
–
show startup-config
–
show version
- Routing Related:
–
show ip protocols
–
show ip route
- Interface Related:
–
show interfaces
–
show ip interface brief
–
show protocols
- Connectivity Related:
–
show cdp neighbors
–
show sessions
–
show ssh
–
ping
–
traceroute
Berikut penjelasan dari
masing-masing perintah tersebut dan perintah singkatnya :
|
PERINTAH PENUH
|
PERINTAH SINGKAT
|
MAKSUD PERINTAH
|
|
Show running-config
|
sh ru
|
Digunakan
untuk menampilkan konfigurasi yang sedang berjalan di RAM. Termasuk host
name, passwords, interface IP addresses, routing protocol yang aktif, DHCP
dan konfigurasi NAT. Dapat dijalankan di EXEC mode.
|
|
Show startup-config
|
sh
st
|
Digunakan
untuk menampilkan isi file konfigurasi yang tersimpan di NVRAM mulai dari
Host Name, Passwords, Interface IP Addresses, Routing Protocol yang aktif,
DHCP dan konfigurasi NAT.
|
|
Show version
|
sh
v
|
Digunakan
untuk menampilkan informasi tentang versi software yang sekarang sedang jalan
lengkap dengan informasi hardware dan devicenya.
|
|
Show ip protocols
|
sh
ip p
|
Berguna
untuk memperlihatkan status interface IP secara global maupun khusus dari IP
protokol routing yang telah dikonfigurasi dan sedang berjalan.
|
|
Show ip route
|
sh
ip ro
|
Menampilkan
konfirmasi pada Router yang telah di authentikasi oleh Router lain dan telah
mampu memperoleh rute dari Router lainnya, selain itu juga digunakan untuk
mengetahui konfigurasi IP yang dilakukan baik secara global maupun secara
khusus.
|
|
Show interfaces
|
sh
int
|
Digunakan
untuk menampilkan statistic semua interface router mulai dari FastEthernet dan Serial. Untuk
menampilkan statistic interface tertentu, menggunakan perintah show
interfaces diikuti dengan nomor port/slot interface, contoh :
Router#show
interfaces serial 2/0
|
|
Show ip interface brief
|
sh ip int br
|
Digunakan
untuk menampilkan Konfigurasi pada interface yang terhubung pada router.
Mulai dari konfigurasi yang sedang berjalan maupun yang konfigurasi yang
tidak berjalan (belum terkonfigurasi). Pada perintah ini kita dibawa untuk
mengetahui : Interface, IP-Address, Method, Status, Protocol.
|
|
Show protocols
|
sh
prot
|
Menampilkan status
interface baik secara global maupun khusus dari protokol layer 3 yang
terkonfigurasi.
|
|
Show cdp neighbors
|
sh
cdp ne
|
Digunakan
untuk mengetahui Capability Codes perangkat yang tersambung, yang meliputi :
R (IYN), T (Trans Bridge), B (Source Route Bridge), S (Switch), H (Host), I
(IGMP), r (Repeater), P (Phone). Selain itu juga digunakan untuk mengetahui
Device
ID diantaranya : Local Intrfce, Holdtme, Capability, Platform, Port ID.
|
|
Show sessions
|
sh
ses
|
Untuk
mengetahui koneksi yang sedang berjalan (koneksi yang di buka).
|
|
Show ssh
|
sh
ss
|
Digunakan
untuk melakukan koneksi dengan server SSHv2 dan SSHv1.
|
|
Ping
|
p
|
Digunakan
untuk melakukan / melihat koneksi antar jaringan yang sedang berhubungan.
Perintah ping harus diikuti address or hostname. Contoh : ping 192.168.1.1
|
|
Traceroute
|
tra
|
Perintah
untuk menunjukkan rute yang dilewati paket untuk mencapai tujuan dengan
mengirim pesan Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request Ke
tujuan dengan nilai Time to Live yang semakin meningkat.. Rute yang
ditampilkan adalah daftar interface router (yang paling dekat dengan host)
yang terdapat pada jalur antara host dan tujuan.
|
Contoh penggunaan
perintah show dalam packet tracer :
1.
Router#sh ru
Building
configuration...
Current
configuration : 633 bytes
version
12.2
no
service timestamps log datetime msec
no
service timestamps debug datetime msec
no
service password-encryption
hostname
Router
interface
FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
interface
FastEthernet1/0
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
shutdown
interface
Serial2/0
ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
interface
Serial3/0
no ip address
shutdown
interface
FastEthernet4/0
no ip address
shutdown
interface
FastEthernet5/0
no ip address
shutdown
ip
classless
line
con 0
line
vty 0 4
login
end
2.
Router#sh st
startup-config
is not present
3.
Router#sh v
Cisco
Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS
(tm) PT1000 Software (PT1000-I-M), Version 12.2(28), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc5)
Technical
Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright
(c) 1986-2005 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled
Wed 27-Apr-04 19:01 by miwang
Image
text-base: 0x8000808C, data-base: 0x80A1FECC
ROM:
System Bootstrap, Version 12.1(3r)T2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright
(c) 2000 by cisco Systems, Inc.
ROM:
PT1000 Software (PT1000-I-M), Version 12.2(28), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc5)
System
returned to ROM by reload
System
image file is "flash:pt1000-i-mz.122-28.bin"
PT
1001 (PTSC2005) processor (revision 0x200) with 60416K/5120K bytes of memory
Processor
board ID PT0123 (0123)
PT2005
processor: part number 0, mask 01
Bridging
software.
X.25
software, Version 3.0.0.
4
FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2
Low-speed serial(sync/async) network interface(s)
32K
bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
63488K
bytes of ATA CompactFlash (Read/Write)
Configuration
register is 0x2102
4.
Router#sh ip p
5.
Router#sh ip ro
Codes:
C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O -
OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF
NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF
external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 -
IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user
static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway
of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
Serial2/0
6.
Router#sh int
FastEthernet0/0
is up, line protocol is up (connected)
Hardware is Lance, address is 00e0.8fe9.9764
(bia 00e0.8fe9.9764)
Internet address is 192.168.1.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload
1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,
Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output
hang never
Last clearing of "show interface"
counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total
output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue :0/40 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0
packets/sec
8 packets input, 1024 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants,
0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun,
0 ignored, 0 abort
0 input packets with dribble condition
detected
8 packets output, 1248 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface
resets
0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers
swapped out
FastEthernet1/0
is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)
Hardware is Lance, address is 0001.970a.4e24
(bia 0001.970a.4e24)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload
1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,
Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output
hang never
Last clearing of "show interface"
counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total
output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue :0/40 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0
packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants,
0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun,
0 ignored, 0 abort
0 input packets with dribble condition
detected
0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface
resets
0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers
swapped out
Serial2/0
is up, line protocol is up (connected)
Hardware is HD64570
Internet address is 192.168.2.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 128 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload
1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set,
keepalive set (10 sec)
Last input never, output never, output hang
never
Last clearing of "show interface"
counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total
output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max
total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max
allocated)
Available Bandwidth 96 kilobits/sec
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0
packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants,
0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun,
0 ignored, 0 abort
0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface
resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers
swapped out
0 carrier transitions
DCD=up
DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up
CTS=up
Serial3/0
is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)
Hardware is HD64570
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 128 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload
1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set,
keepalive set (10 sec)
Last input never, output never, output hang
never
Last clearing of "show interface"
counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total
output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max
total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max
allocated)
Available Bandwidth 96 kilobits/sec
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0
packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants,
0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun,
0 ignored, 0 abort
0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface
resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers
swapped out
0 carrier transitions
DCD=down
DSR=down DTR=down RTS=down
CTS=down
FastEthernet4/0
is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)
Hardware is Lance, address is 0009.7c30.2c04
(bia 0009.7c30.2c04)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload
1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,
Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output
hang never
Last clearing of "show interface"
counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total
output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue :0/40 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0
packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants,
0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun,
0 ignored, 0 abort
0 input packets with dribble condition
detected
0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface
resets
0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers
swapped out
FastEthernet5/0
is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)
Hardware is Lance, address is 0060.470b.9631
(bia 0060.470b.9631)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload
1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,
Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output
hang never
Last clearing of "show interface"
counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total
output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue :0/40 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0
packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants,
0 throttles
0
input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
0 input packets with dribble condition
detected
0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface
resets
0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers
swapped out
7.
Router#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset
administratively down down
Serial2/0 192.168.2.1 YES manual up up
Serial3/0 unassigned YES unset
administratively down down
FastEthernet4/0 unassigned YES unset
administratively down down
FastEthernet5/0 unassigned YES unset
administratively down down
8.
Router#show prot
Global
values:
Internet Protocol routing is enabled
FastEthernet0/0
is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 192.168.1.1/24
FastEthernet1/0
is administratively down, line protocol is down
Serial2/0
is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 192.168.2.1/24
Serial3/0
is administratively down, line protocol is down
FastEthernet4/0
is administratively down, line protocol is down
FastEthernet5/0
is administratively down, line protocol is down
9.
Router#sh cdp ne
Capability
Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge
S - Switch, H - Host, I -
IGMP, r - Repeater, P - Phone
Device
ID Local Intrfce Holdtme
Capability Platform Port ID
Router Ser 2/0 169 R PT1000 Ser 2/0
10.
Router#sh ses
%
No connections open
11.
Router#sh ss
%No
SSHv2 server connections running.
%No
SSHv1 server connections running.
12.
Router#p 192.168.3.1
Type
escape sequence to abort.
Sending
5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success
rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/9/16 ms
13.
Router#tra 192.168.2.2
Type
escape sequence to abort.
Tracing
the route to 192.168.2.2
1
192.168.2.1 31 msec 32 msec
31 msec
2
192.168.2.2 47 msec 63 msec
62 msec
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar